Great powers and great power relationships are historical concepts as well as international institutions on which an international order can be maintained. China proposed a new model of major-country  relations out of a defensive purpose, as it is hoping to rise peacefully, to earn due respect in the international society, and to play a role in maintaining the international order. Whether the new model of major-country  relations can materialize or not hinges upon whether the U.S. can sincerely accept China’s rise, on whether China can become a legitimate member of the great power club and participate in making and reforming international norms and rules. Meanwhile, it also depends on China’s own strategic orientation.