After its independence Indian politicians and scientists closely collaborated with each other to integrate various sources of nuclear energy development and proposed a three-stage development strategy. In light of its energy security and international obligations, India has kept making efforts to develop nuclear energy and achieved tremendous progress. However, such challenges as societal pressures, political resistance, concerns over nuclear safety, budgetary constraints, etc., remain strong. In particular, the “Fukushima shock” triggered a global “nuclear safety renaissance,” and caused greater concerns about, and greater demand for,  nuclear safety among Indians, which meant larger costs and more popular pressure upon and political resistance against nuclear energy development. Nevertheless, the global trend toward nuclear energy renaissance moves forward, and all the pressures and challenges will be unlikely to weaken India’s determination and will in this regard. In short, the prospect holds bright for India’s nuclear energy development.